Diploma Production and Quality Management three Marks Unit 3
Dear Students
We have added Diploma Production and Quality Management three Marks Unit 3. You can download Diploma Production and Quality Management three Marks Unit 3 as pdf
Subject: Production and Quality Management
Unit 3 – TQM Tools
3 Marks
1.Mention Q7 Tools
| Tools | Purposes |
|---|---|
| 1. Flow Chart | Shows the steps by symbols |
| 2.Check sheet | Shows the frequency of occurrence |
| 3. Histogram | Shows graphically frequency distribution of the data |
| 4. Pareto diagram | Shows important causes for quality loss |
| 5. Cause and Effect diagram | To find our causes of problem |
| 6. Scatter diagram | shows relationship between two variables |
| 7. Control chart | Finding out process variations deciding corrective action |
2. What is a flow chart?
Flow chart is also called “flow diagram”. A flow chart can show different operations like operation, inspection, transport, delay, storage used in manufacturing.
3. What are the types of check sheet?
- Defective item check sheet
- Defective location check sheet
- Defective factor check sheet
4. What is Histogram?
A histogram is a bar chart or diagram showing a distribution of variable quantities or characteristics. It is a graphical display of frequency distribution of numerical data.
5. What are the uses of Histogram?
- A histogram is used to show clearly where the most frequently occuring values are located and the data is distributed
- Histogram is also a tool for determining the maximum process results
- It enables the analyst to quickly visualize the features of a complete set of data.
6. Mention the types of Histograms
- Bell shaped
- Double peaked
- Plateau
- Comb
- Isolated peak
- Edged peak
- Skewed
- Truncated.
7. What is a pareto diagram?
A pareto diagram is a diagnostic tool commonly used for separating the vital few causes that account for a dominant share of quality loss
8. What is pareto analysis?
Pareto analysis is called as 80 / 20 and as ABC analysis. It means 20% of problems (defects) accounts for 80% of the effects.
9. Write short notes on Cause and Effect diagram (Fish bone diagram)
- The cause and effect diagram is a graphical tabular chart to list and analyze the potential causes of a given problem
- The cause and effect diagram of a central leading to the effect (problem) with multiple branches coming off the stem listing various groups of possible causes of the problem.
- Cause and Effect diagram is called as Fishbone diagram
10. What are the uses of cause and effect diagram?
- To analyse cause and effect relationships
- To standardize existing operations
- To train personnel in decision making and corrective action activities.
11.What is a scatter diagram?
Scatter diagram is a graphical method of showing relationships between two variables. This diagram is used as a follow up to cause and effect analysis
12. Mention the uses of Scatter diagram.
- To show what happens to one variable when another variable is changes
- To understand the reasons for variations
- To know how to control variations.
13. Explain Control Chart.
Control chart is used check whether the process is under control.
Uses of Control Chart
- To check whether the manufacturing process has gone out of control
- To find out process stability
- To decide when to adjust the process.
14. Define Quality circle
Quality circle is a small group of people. Generally 6 to 10 people voluntarily from the group. They are from same work area. They discuss and decide upon cost reduction, quality improvement methods. They also make suggestions for company improvement. They find ways to solve problems in work area.
15. What are the objectives of Quality circle?
- To improve team work
- To increase employee motivation
- To promote personal development
- To solve problems in work area
- To reduce errors
- To promote cost reduction
16. List out the Quality circle members
- Co-ordinator
- Steering Committee
- Facilitator
- Leader
- Members
- Non members
17. Define Zero Defect
The motto Zero defect is “Do it right in the first time”. It means that defect in production should be prevented. Responsibility of producing quality products is with the operator himself. He is given training in inspection methods
18. What are the steps in introducing zero defect programme?
- Creating awareness
- Identification of cause of errors
- Inspection
- Motivation
19. Mention M7 Tools and their purpose
| M7 Tools | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Affinity (KJ) diagram | For synthesizing, Classifying, Organizing, indefinite ideas |
| Inter Relationship diagram | For isolating cause |
| Tree diagram | For deploying general concepts into detail |
| Matrix diagram | For quantifying relationships |
| Decision tree (PDPC) | For identifying alternatives |
| Arrow diagram | For planning |
20. What is affinity diagram?
Affinity diagram is a brain storming tool. it is a tool to collect large amount of ideas and opinions. Then arrange them in order
21. What are the uses of Affinity diagram?
- To give a visual presentation of large number of ideas
- To extract useful ideas from unrelated ideas
- To understand problems that are not clear.
- To create new concepts
22. What is an Inter relationship diagram?
Inter relationship diagram is used for finding out causes of problem. It also shows the relationship between various causes.
23. What are the uses of relationship diagram?
- Find out key problem from many problems
- Find out root cause of existing problem
- Identify important factors for making a decision
24. Define tree diagram
Tree diagram which shows the paths and tasks for achieving a goal. It is used to develop a step by step method to reach a goal.
25. What are the steps in Tree diagram?
- State the problem
- Brain storm all possible causes for the problem
- Arrange the elements in boxes in proper order
26. Define Matrix Diagram
Matrix diagram is a diagram which shows the relationship between two, three or four sets of factors to understand customer satisfaction and product features.
27. What are the types of Matrix forms?
- L shaped
- T shaped
- Y shaped
- C Shaped
- X Shaped
- Roof shaped
28. What is Matrix data analysis?
Matrix data analysis is similar to matrix diagram. Main difference is Instead of symbols numerical data is used.
29. What is a decision tree?
Decision tree is otherwise called as Process Decision Programme Chart (PDPC). Decision tree is a planning tool. This tool helps to predict what can go wrong and what can be done to overcome the effect of such “wrong things”
30. Explain Network analysis
Network analysis is a system in which various activities for completing a project are analysed for better planning.
31. What are the steps in Network analysis?
Steps involved in Network analysis
- Projects are broken down into individual activities
- Activities are arranged in logical sequence
- Activities to be performed simultaneously are decided
- Sequence in which various activities are to be performed is decided
- Network diagram is drawn showing relationship between all activities
- Resources (cost, time, manpower, etc. ) needed for various activities are allocated.
32. Explain network techniques.
A number of network techniques have been developed for project management. The two important techniques are
1. P.E.R.T – Programme Evaluation and Review technique.
2. C.P.M – Critical path method.
33.Explain Critical Path method
The critical path method (CPM) is a technique where you identify tasks that are necessary for project completion and determine scheduling flexibilities. A critical path in project management is the longest sequence of activities that must be finished on time in order for the entire project to be complete. Any delays in critical tasks will delay the rest of the project.
Download Link
