Strength of Materials Diploma Study Materials N Scheme
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Department: Mechanical Engineering Scheme: N
Subject: Strength of Materials Year : II Semester: III
Unit: 4, Theory of Torsion and Springs
Note: Formulas are visible in PDF
Three Marks
- Define pure torsion
A shaft of circular cross section is said to be in pure torsion, when it is subjected to an equal and opposite end torques without any bending or axial load
- Write down the expression of Torsion, Stiffness & Strength Equation
Torsion Equation
Stiffness Equation
Strength Equation
- Write the formula to determine torsional strength of solid shaft and hollow shaft.
Formula for Torsional strength of solid shaft
3
Formula for Torsional strength of Hollow Shaft
]
- Write the formula to determine power transmitted by the shaft
Power Transmitted by the Shaft,
Where P – Power(kW), N – Speed (rpm), T – Torque (N-m)
- Define strength of a shaft
The maximum torque or power that can be transmitted by the shaft is known as strength of a shaft
- Define Torsional Rigidity
Torsional rigidity is defined as the product of modulus of rigidity and polar moment of inertia of the shaft
Torsional rigidity, T = CJ
- Define Polar Modulus
Polar Modulus is defined as the ratio of polar moment of inertia to maximum radius of the shaft
Polar Modulus =
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- What are the advantages of hollow shaft over solid shaft.
- For the same torque, hollow shaft are lighter in weight than solid shaft, hence the cost of the material of the shaft is less and saved
- For the same weight, hollow shafts have greater strength and stiffness than the solid shafts
- Define Spring
A spring is a device in which the material is arranged in such a way that it can undergo a considerable change without getting permanently distorted
- How do you classify the springs?
Based on the type of resilience
- Bending spring
- Torsion spring
Based on the construction of spring
- Laminated spring
- Helical Spring
- State the uses of spring
- Compression springs are used in Railway Coaches and Automobiles
- Tension springs are used in spring balance and cycle stand
- Define Bending Spring
A Spring which is subjected to bending only and the resilience is also due to bending is known as bending spring
- Define Torsion Spring
A spring is subjected to torsion or twisting moment only and the resilience is also to twisting moment is known as Torsion spring
- Define compression spring
If the coil close when it is subjected to axial load and opens out when the load is removed, then the spring is said to be compression spring
- Define tension spring.
If the coils open out when it is subjected to axial load and closes when the load is removed, then the spring is said to tension spring
- Mention the differences between Closed and open coiled helical spring
Closed Coil Spring | Helical Coil Spring |
Pitch is less | Pitch is more |
Stiffness is high | Stiffness is low |
Helix angle is less than 10O | Helix angle is more than 10 O |
- State the applications of Laminated spring
Laminated (or) Leaf springs are used to absorb shocks in railway wagons, coaches and road vehicles
- Write the formula for deflection of the spring
Deflection
- Write the formula of stiffness of the sprig
Stiffness = =
- Write the formula for strain energy stored in the spring.
Strain energy = Average load x deflection
U =
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